Title Priroda braka i moralni status preljuba
Title (english) The nature of marriage and the moral status of adultery
Author Zvonko Mihalović
Mentor Snježana Prijić-Samaržija (mentor)
Committee member Boran Berčić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
Committee member Elvio Baccarini (član povjerenstva)
Committee member Petar Bojanić (član povjerenstva) VIAF: 47097008
Granter University of Rijeka Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences (Department of Philosophy) Rijeka
Defense date and country 2017-05-19, Croatia
Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline HUMANISTIC SCIENCES Philosophy
Universal decimal classification (UDC ) 17 - Moral philosophy. Ethics. Practical philosophy
Abstract Predmet ovoga rada poglavito je problemski filozofski pristup naravi braka i preljuba. Iako je definicija braka kao monogamne heteroseksualne zajednice utkana u temelje zapadne civilizacije, u posljednje su vrijeme sve prisutniji zahtjevi za redefiniranje samoga pojma braka, kao i moralnog i zakonskog statusa braka na način da brak više ne predstavlja jedini društveni i moralni okvir ljudske seksualnosti. Unutar nekolicine teorija o naravi seksualnosti (prokreativne teorije seksualnosti i teorije koja seksualnost vezuje uz ljubav) brak je obvezan ili bar poželjan okvir ljudske seksualnosti, dok konvencionalne teorije bez ostatka razumijevaju brak kao temeljnu instituciju društva koja osigurava njegovu stabilnost. Iako je za mnoge apologete tradicionalnih stavova i konvencionalnih normi monogamija prirodna, normalna i moralna, ona ne može dobiti konsenzus jer je još uvijek mnogo onih koji tvrde da nam monogamija nije prirođena i da ne zadovoljava potrebe suvremenoga čovjeka. Stava sam da je izbor monogamije osobna stvar, svatko odabire prema svojim preferencijama i uvjerenju. Primjerenu moralnu prosudbu za procjenu moralnoga statusa izvanbračnih seksualnih odnosa, posebice preljuba, možemo donijeti primjenom moralnoga partikularizma. Moralni partikularizam pristup je koji najbolje odgovara stavu koji branim: zbog sociokulturalne različitosti u odnosu prema braku i preljubu, nepostojanja jedinstvene definicije braka i preljuba, različitosti filozofskih pristupa naravi seksualnosti, svaku je situaciju preljuba potrebno razmatrati zasebno. Sve ostalo čini se manje primjerenim i grubim teorijskim oruđem za donošenje moralnih sudova. Stoga branim stav kojega zastupam; u preljubu je moguće pronaći okolnosti koje ga čine moralno opravdanim. Za moralno opravdanje učinjenoga preljuba stoji činjenica da su jedan ili oba partnera izbjegli sadržaju obećanja koje je dano ili podrazumijevano u bračnome zavjetu te je jedan od partnera podnio zahtjev za prekid bračnog odnosa, dok drugi partner taj zahtjev nije prihvatio. Bez obzira na koje su se zavjete bračni parovi obvezali, nepridržavanje istih od strane bilo kojega partnera otvara prostor drugome da bude oslobođen svoje moralne obveze. Međutim, sigurno je da moralno ponašanje obvezuje partnere da ne čine ništa što bi moglo poremetiti povjerenje i poštovanje druge osobe. Čini mi se posebno važnim naglasiti da je u slučajevima prestanka ljubavi, iskrenost prema partneru poželjnija moralna opcija od počinjenja preljuba. Ljubav je kompleksan fenomen koji je na isto tako kompleksan način povezan sa seksualnošću. Mnogi smatraju da se preljub događa samo onim parovima koji su u ljubavnoj krizi, a nikada parovima koji su u zadovoljavajućem ljubavnom odnosu. Mišljenja sam, da je takav stav načelno pogrešan. Ljubav je neovisna od naše volje. Međutim, ono što ovisi o nama je postupanje, mi možemo odlučiti biti ili ne biti s voljenom osobom. To može biti teško, ali je moguće. Preljub prema tome ne može po automatizmu biti opravdan zaljubljivanjem u partnera s kojim nismo u braku, kao što ne treba biti ni osuđivan (ili opravdan) jer osoba nije u ljubavi s partnerom s kojim je počinila preljub. Čini se da ljubav i preljub nisu povezani na način na koji se to obično pretpostavlja. Relacija emocija i seksualnosti daleko je kompleksnija nego što se to u pravilu smatra. Nadam se da sam uspio pokazati kako postoje mnoge okolnosti koje su bitno različite od tradicionalnih predrasuda i konvencionalnih moralnih normi kada su u pitanju institucije braka i preljuba.
Abstract (english) Subject of this work is especially philosophic approach to the nature of marriage and adultery. Even though the definition of marriage as monogamous heterosexual relationship wove in the foundation of western civilization in the last period of time are even more present requests for redefining the mere concept of marriage, but also moral and legal status of marriage so that marriage does not represent anymore the only social and moral framework of human sexuality. Within some theories about the nature of sexuality (procreational theory and theory that connects sexuality with love) marriage is mandatory or at least advisable framework of human sexuality, while conventional theories interpret marriage as basic institution of society that ensures its stability. Even though for many apologists of traditional attitudes and conventional norms monogamy is natural, normal and moral, it cannot obtain consensus because many predicate that monogamy is not innate and does not satisfy modern people needs. I hold that choosing monogamy is personal because every person chooses according to his/her preferences and beliefs. Appropriate moral judgement for moral status evaluation of extramarital sexual relations and especially adultery, can be brought by implementing moral particularity. Moral particularity attitude is most suitable to the attitude that I defend: because of social and cultural differencies in reference to marriage and adultery, absence of unique marriage definition and adultery as also differencies of philosophic approaches to the nature of sexuality, each adultery has to be examined for itself. Everything else is less appropriate and rough theoretical tool for moral judgements.
Therefore I defend attitude that I represent; i.e. in adultery is possible to find conditions that make it morally justified. As far as regards moral justification of adultery there is a fact that one or both partners avoided the content of promises given or understood in marriage vows and one of the partner submitted request for termination of marriage while the other partner did not accept that request. Notwithstanding which marriage vows partners obliged themselves, violation of the same on behalf of any of the partner opens possibility to be free of his/her moral obligation. Nevertheless it is sure that moral behaviour obliges partners not to do anything that could disturb confidence and respect of the other. It seems to me that it is very important to underline that in cases where there is no love anymore is preferable moral option of honesty towards partner than adultery. Love is complex phenomenon that is also in a complex way connected to sexuality. Many hold that adultery happens only to those couples that are in love crisis and never to couples that are in satisfying love relationship. I think that this is basically wrong attitude. Love is independent of our will. However we can influence to be or not to be with loving person. It can be hard but is possible. Adultery, according to that, cannot automatically be justified by falling in love with partner with whom we are not married, as also one should not be judged or justified because he/she is not in love with partner with whome he/she commited adultery. It seems that love and adultery are not connected in a way it is presumed. Relation emotion and sexuality is far more complex than it is considered usually. I hope that I succeeded to demonstrate that there are many circumstances intrinsically different from traditional prejudices and conventional moral norms when it is about institution of marriage and adultery.
Keywords
filozofija
filozofija braka
preljub
teorija seksualnosti
moralne teorije
emocije
ljubav
Keywords (english)
philosophy
philosophy of marriage
adultery
theory of sexuality
moral theory
emotions
love
Language croatian
URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:186:501799
Study programme Title: Postgraduate doctoral study programme Philosophy and Contemporaneity Study programme type: university Study level: postgraduate Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica znanosti, područje humanističkih znanosti, polje filozofija (doktor/doktorica znanosti, područje humanističkih znanosti, polje filozofija)
Type of resource Text
File origin Born digital
Access conditions Open access
Terms of use
Created on 2019-02-22 14:10:10