The aim of this research was to examine the prediction of the perceived fairness and the goal structure of students' perception of the course utility value, their satisfaction with the course and the final grade, as well as the mediation effect of perseverance of effort between these variables. A total of 157 students from different faculties of the University of Rijeka participated in the online research. Students received links to online questionnaires asking them to assess the fairness and goal structure of the chosen professor of specific course, their own perseverance of effort, the utility value of the course the chosen professor teaches, and to mark the satisfaction with the course and final grade they achieved in the course. The perceived fairness and the mastery goal structure proved to be significant predictors of students' perception of the utility value of the course, their satisfaction with the course and the final grade. Performance goal structure did not prove to be significant predictor of criterion variables. The results of the regression analyses indicate the existence of a mediation effect of perseverance of effort between perceived fairness of professors and academic outcomes, as well as between the mastery goal structure and academic outcomes. A high positive correlation was obtained between the predictor variables of perceived fairness and the mastery goal structure. The results of the research provide further understanding of the relationships and contributions of perceived fairness and the mastery goal structure to the students' academic outcomes, as well as new insights into the possible mediation effect of the preseverance of effort in these relations.