The history of childhood in Istria is quite underrepresented topic in the scientific literature. This paper aims to contribute to the dissemination of knowledge in that area. Historical, social and cultural conditions were taken into account while forming a representation of childhood in north-eastern Istria's vilagges during mid – 20th century. The representation is based on the results of qualitative research, which included interviews conducted with 10 participants. The selection criteria was age (65+), and childhood spent in one of the villages of north-eastern Istria. The obtained data is supported by the available results from existing research papers that are relevant for this subject. In order to create a complete picture of childhood in a village we explored it's various aspects and dimensions. The paper discusses the housing conditions (with special emphasis on areas for children), distribution of domestic chores and children duties, education, games and toys, stories, songs and beliefs, children's role and their participation in the celebration of folk customs. Based on data analysis, it is revealed that historical, social and cultural conditions that were present in the area of north-east Istria at that time had major influence in formirng a farmer's life. Childhood and growing up in a village was marked by poverty as a consequence of war and occupation, which affected all aspects of children's lives. Because of the struggle for survival that villages faced each day, children were working instead of playing. Educational opportunities were limited, along with complicated and unsatisfying learning conditions. The subjects' statements indicate the subordinate position of children in comparison to adults, and the notion of children as miniature adults. For a better understanding of childhood (and attitudes towards childhood) in the past, along with the changes and development of childhood to the present day, it is important to explore it's history, and this paper aims to contribute to that.